配电方式对Kaufman离子推力器性能的影响研究

目前Kaufman离子推力器主要有两种最具代表性的配电方式:屏栅极电源正端分别连接阳极电源正、负端的配电方式。为了研究配电方式对Kaufman离子推力器工作性能的影响,基于等离子体理论和推力器工作原理,分析两种主要配电方式下放电室电极电势及电流平衡关系,推导了放电室等离子体特性表达式,理论分析了配电方式对离子推力器多种性能参数的影响。结合兰州空间技术物理研究所自研的LIPS300离子推力器在两种配电方式下工作在3kW和5kW的性能试验,通过解析方法对离子推力器多种工作参数和性能参数进行分析,试验结果与理论分析结果具有良好的一致性。研究表明:采用屏栅极电源正端连接阳极电源负端的配电方式能够获得更大的推力和比冲,并能提高离子对栅极透明度,减少离子对屏栅极的溅射,从而提高栅极寿命,但束离子产生成本稍高。研究结果可为离子推力器配电方式的设计与优化提供依据。     

Effects of Mach numbers on Magnus induced surface pressure

Experimental and numerical methods were used to investigate the Magnus phenomena over a spinning projectile. The pressure force acting on the surface of a spinning projectile was measured for various cases by employing a relatively novel experimental technique. A set of miniature pressure sensors along with a data acquisition board, battery and storage memory were placed inside a spinning model and the surface pressure were obtained through a remotely controlled system. Circumferential pressures of the model for both rotational and static conditions were obtained at two different free stream Mach numbers of 0.4 and 0.8 and at different angles of attack. The results showed the ability of this new test method to measure the very small Magnus force via surface pressures over the projectile. The results provide a deep insight into the flow structure and illustrate changes in the cross-flow separation locations as a result of rotation. Similar results were obtained by the numerical simulations and were compared with the experimental data.     

Remote-controlled flexible pose measurement system and method for a moving target in wind tunnel

The measurement of position and attitude parameters for the isolated target from a high-speed aircraft is a great challenge in the field of wind tunnel simulation technology. This paper proposes a remote-controlled flexible pose measurement system in wind tunnel conditions for the separation of a target from an aircraft. The position and attitude parameters of a moving object are obtained by utilizing a single camera with a focal length and camera orientation that can be changed based on different measurement conditions. Using this proposed system and method, both the flexibility and efficiency of the pose measurement system can be enhanced in wind tunnel conditions to meet the measurement requirements of different objects and experiments, which is also useful for the development of an intelligent position and attitude measurement system. The position and the focal length of the camera also can be controlled remotely during measurements to enlarge both the vertical and horizontal measurement range of this system. Experiments are conducted in the laboratory to measure the position and attitude of moving objects with high flexibility and efficiency, and the measurement precision of the measurement system is also verified through experiments.     

Accurate approximation of in-ecliptic trajectories for E-sail with constant pitch angle

Propellantless continuous-thrust propulsion systems, such as electric solar wind sails, may be successfully used for new space missions, especially those requiring high-energy orbit transfers. When the mass-to-thrust ratio is sufficiently large, the spacecraft trajectory is characterized by long flight times with a number of revolutions around the Sun. The corresponding mission analysis, especially when addressed within an optimal context, requires a significant amount of simulation effort. Analytical trajectories are therefore useful aids in a preliminary phase of mission design, even though exact solution are very difficult to obtain. The aim of this paper is to present an accurate, analytical, approximation of the spacecraft trajectory generated by an electric solar wind sail with a constant pitch angle, using the latest mathematical model of the thrust vector. Assuming a heliocentric circular parking orbit and a two-dimensional scenario, the simulation results show that the proposed equations are able to accurately describe the actual spacecraft trajectory for a long time interval when the propulsive acceleration magnitude is sufficiently small.     

飞行载荷发展综述

飞行载荷设计是飞行器设计的一个重要组成部分,是连接总体气动设计和结构强度设计的桥梁。本 文从飞行载荷设计所需要遵循的规范、飞行载荷的设计方法、严重载荷选取、飞行载荷的验证等方面对飞行器 飞行载荷设计的发展历程进行了回顾,并对未来飞行载荷的发展方向进行了展望。     

考虑重力的风机叶片水平加载测试方法

在风电叶片三维有限元参数模型中引入了重力产生的附加载荷,仿真计算了风电叶片水平加载方式的静载荷测试中附加载荷产生的水平方向的耦合位移,分析了耦合位移对测试过程中理论计算结果的影响;由于重力的叠加效应,测试中某些截面实际施加的等效载荷可能远超叶片设计的目标测试载荷,建议联合有限元分析,优化叶片安装角度和加载力方向的方法,降低叶片局部截面实际施加等效载荷的过载峰值。     

HB-2 high-velocity correlation model at high angles of attack in supersonic wind tunnel tests

Responding to a need for experimental data on a standard wind tunnel model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, and in the absence of suitable reference data, a series of tests of two HB-2 standard models of different sizes was performed in the T-38 trisonic wind tunnel of Vojnotehnickˇi Institut(VTI), in the Mach number range 1.5–4.0, at angles of attack up to+30°. Tests were performed at relatively high Reynolds numbers of 2.2 millions to 4.5 millions(based on model forebody diameter). Results were compared with available low angle of attack data from other facilities, and, as a good agreement was found, it was assumed that, by implication, the obtained high angle of attack results were valid as well. Therefore, the results can be used as a reference database for the HB-2 model at high angles of attack in the supersonic speed range, which was not available before. The results are presented in comparison with available reference data, but also contain data for some Mach numbers not given in other publications.     

基于任务的微机电惯性系统规模化测试技术研究

针对传统惯性测试技术测试周期长、测试效率低、测试成本高等问题，提出了基于任务的微机电惯性系统规模化测试解决方案。研究分析了微机电惯性系统测试技术的研究现状和发展趋势，建立了基于任务的微机电惯性系统测试体系，详细论证了微机电惯性系统批量、并行、自动化测试解决方案的可行性，为微机电惯性系统规模化测试实践奠定了基础。     

LENS风洞试验返回器模型气动热特性模拟

国家数值风洞高超声速流动模拟软件HyFLOW的研制对打破国外同类软件的技术壁垒具有重要意义。与国外DPLR软件进行了对比研究，同时系统介绍了HyFLOW软件求解器的数值方法、物理化学模型以及壁面催化特性计算模型等主要方法，采用典型算例对有限催化模型进行了数值验证，最后基于LENS风洞试验146 mm返回器标模外形开展了高超声速气动热特性数值模拟。研究结果表明，HyFLOW软件在高超声速热化学非平衡流动模拟与评估方面的气动力计算精度高，与国外同类软件DPLR相当，同时其壁面催化条件下的气动热计算精度可靠，可信度高。     

RNSS/INS深耦合高动态导航接收机测试方法研究CSCD

卫星导航和惯性导航采用深耦合方式实现导航作为世界上最先进的导航形式,在国防中的应用越来越广泛,但其在高动态下的性能需要验证。当前针对深耦合高动态下导航接收机的测试研究较少,本文介绍了基于卫星信号模拟器的测试系统组成及测试用高动态场景,运用模拟测试原理,通过对导航接收机在高动态下定位速度和跟踪灵敏度的测试及其结果分析,验证了导航接收机的深耦合功能,对此类接收机的测试方法进行了初步探究。